The Organization of American States - 655 Words

The Organization of American States is the world’s oldest regional organization, having roots as far back as the 1826 Congress of Panama (United States Permanent Mission, n.d.). The Charter of the OAS was signed in 1948 by 21 member states and entered into force by December 1951, officially creating the Organization of American States. Today, 35 independent countries of the America have ratified the Charter and belong to the Organization, and over 68 other states, as well as the European Union, have been granted permanent observer status. The primary focus of the Organization, as stipulated in Article 1 of the Charter, is to achieve among its member states â€Å"an order of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity, to strengthen their collaboration, and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity, and their independence† (Charter of the Organization of American States, 1967). While trade is not one of the Organization’s original four main pilla rs (those being democracy, human rights, security, and development), in recent years, more emphasis has been placed on trade. In 1945, the Inter-American Economic and Social Council (CIES) was founded, and under the 1948 charter, became one of the permanent organs of the OAS. It originally had two committees: the Permanent Executive Committee (CEPCIES), and the Special Committee for Consultation and Negotiation (CECON). The 1993 Protocol of Managua created the Inter-American Council for Integral DevelopmentShow MoreRelatedEssay on Cross Cultural Perspectives1036 Words   |  5 PagesCross-Cultural Perspectives Organizations come in many different forms and sizes. An organization is any entity that purses a mission or serves a purpose in a society or community. Businesses, governments, schools, charities, etc., are all different types of organizations. 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Analysis Oedipus Rex - 2007 Words

Particular bold features define this ageless funerary mask, creating an immortalized face. A broad nose sits in the heart with a mustache directly beneath, a feature quite common of those regal. Proportion plays a chief role in the deceased man’s face, for close examination reveals how evenly spaced each feature is. Perhaps the proportion is there to provide the man, who is thought to be a monarch, a godly presence. Given the Olympian gods are supposedly perfect, it only makes sense as to why a man gifted a beaten gold mask has flawlessly proportioned features. Individuals seemingly must have worshipped and blindly obeyed his every whim like the Chorus in Sophocles’, Oedipus Rex, followed their false god, Oedipus. That theory can even furthermore be confirmed, considering this artwork comes after the life of this man occurred, his death not sufficient in ceasing the infatuation many held. Beaten gold, a material that continues to possess immense value today, formulates the entirety of this mask. The difficulty around obtaining inexpensive gold remains constant, whether it is now or ages ago. Numerous items devoted to the gods were not even produced from gold, alluding to the idea that the worth of this man either equaled or surpassed those divine. It can be concluded that gold was used in the construction of this piece to display the worth this man clasped in the eyes of others. In general, this beaten gold funerary mask could have countless motives for conception, butShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Oedipus Rex 1705 Words   |  7 PagesIn the play Oedipus Rex, Oedipus unknowingly murders his father and marries his mother. When Oedipus discovers this he is disgusted with himself and decides to go into exile. The Misanthrope is a play about the self-exile of the main character Alceste. 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In the story, Oedipus was not a victim of only his actions or only his fate, but his actions and fatal flaws did affect the path that he took to his demise, through his pride/ignorance/temper, his unquenchable thirst for knowledge, and his cowardiceRead MoreAnalysis Of Oedipus Rex 2527 Words   |  11 PagesAri Victor Honors English 28 July, 2015 Summer Reading Oedipus Rex 1. The people of Thebes are suffering from a god attacking their city. 2. The Priest asks Oedipus to save Thebes and the people living there. 3. The Thebans plead Oedipus for his help because 1) they think that Oedipus has help from the gods, and 2) they know that he already saved their town before, so he can save it again. 4. Oedipus has already taken the step of sending Creon to Apollo’s temple to ask how to save the city. 5. 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Both the play and the book share two major subject matters. Guilt is one theme that is seen constantly between Amir dealing with it in The Kite Runner written by Khaled Hosseini and Oedipus and Jocasta’s struggle with it in Oedipus Rex written by Sophocles. Another theme found in bothRead More Analysis of Oedipus Rex Essay890 Words   |  4 Pages Oedipus did not have a fair start in life. His father, Laius, heard prophecy that Oedipus would one day kill his father and sleep with his mother. In order to prevent this, Laius gave Oedipus to a shepherd to be killed. Fortunately, through a string of events, Oedipuss life was saved, and he even went on to become the honored king of Thebes. Despite this feat, Oedipus still managed to make several decisions that ultimately fulfilled the original prophecy told to Laius , and inevitably sealed

Microsoft Dynamics Finance Available to Business

Question: Discuss about the Microsoft Dynamics and understanding the sources of finance available to business? Answer: Understanding the sources of finance available to business Identification of sources of finance available to business Financing is one of the driving forces for each lucrative business enterprise. Most of the business requires capital for funding investors in generation of revenue in the near future. Business does not have instant access to money generation (Aamer 2012). Various funding options makes business owners select types of financing that suits best for their competitors needs. Some of the sources of sources of finance are mentioned below: Bank Loan It is noticed that banks and credit unions believes in offering loans to small and large business enterprise. Companies takes out loan from a bank and sets access to required sum of money but need repayment with certain interest rates for the same (Albrecht, Stice and Stice 2011). Interest fee indulges on the borrowing of banks money and pay back the funds on timely manner. Retained Earnings It is important to understand the fact that amount of earnings with the business relates directly on amount of dividends in an overall manner. Reinvested profits in case of retained earnings relates with paid dividend in Business Corporation (Balla 2012). Retained earnings helps in financing new investments and payment of higher dividends especially for new equity investments in the most appropriate way. Ordinary or equity shares Ordinary shares are the real owners of the business enterprise. It includes face values quoted for share of the company and bears no direct relationship with nominal value for the same. Deferred ordinary shares are one type of ordinary shares that receives entitlement for rising profits and certain amount in an overall manner. They enjoy voting rights in comparison with ordinary shareholders (Bonham 2013). Ordinary shareholders can put their funds in the company either by paying new shares or through retained earnings. Leasing Leasing is mutual agreement between parties including lessor and lessee. It is noticed that lessor owns the particular capital asset. On the other hand, lessee stops usage of capital assets by the lessor (Davies and Crawford 2012). Addition to that, lessee makes the final payment within specified period. Leasing is one form of rental properties. Leased assets include: Plant and machinery Cars and commercial vehicles Office Equipment Owners Investment This source of finance includes the personal money like savings of the business owner for the same. Bank Overdraft It refers to short-term sources of financing for helping continuous cash flow operations. Working capital Working capital is an important source of financing for improving cash flow in an organization. It helps in meeting the day-to-day working expenses of the business organization (Dyckman, Magee and Pfeiffer 2011). It deals with payment to suppliers and seeking earlier payments from respective customers. Hire Purchase Hire purchase taking into loan for purchase of equipment and acquisition of assets in the near future Personal Loans This loan is provided for personal issues and retain with the owner for the same Grants business angels It helps in assisting business for expanding as well as investing in related equipment. It mainly avails by the local as well as central government in an overall manner. Silent Partners These partners are not active like others but contribute equal amount of money in the business activities Commercial loans These loans are granted for building or construction of commercial properties. Debt Factoring In this, organization sells debts to another organization and terms as outstanding terms. Assessing the implications of the different sources From the above discussion, it is easy to understand the sources of finance available for conducting business activities. In this particular section, advantages and disadvantages of each type are explained for bringing clear understanding on best options on sources of finance. It is important to consider the fact that finance types will depend entirely on factors ascertaining the size of business enterprise. Sources of Finance Advantages Disadvantages Bank Loan Interest on business bank loans helps in tax deduction. It includes fixed-rate loans and various loan-servicing payments. Bank loans indulge in high difficulty for obtaining in case of small business enterprise. It fails to record of accomplishment of related collateral like real estate company. Interest rates for bank loan are quite high includes bank funding. Retained Earnings Obtaining retained earnings helps small business in providing efficient financial resources for investing for operations as well as creation of growth. It mainly funds projects like research development, facility construction, expansion and renovation for the same. High Limits for Internal Revenue services for small business corporations. Shares Shares help in giving potential for raising large amounts of capital. It indulges in selling new shares. It mainly requires high cost for raising small amount of money. Shareholder percentage holds for risk loss control in and around the business organization. Leasing It helps in purchasing and leasing for upfront money for business organization. No loss of control for the business enterprise It fails to sale equipment or returns it for longer time. Undertaking of credit check is one of the drawbacks for leasing attributes. From the above analysis, it is easy to gather relevant facts on the available sources of finance and elaborating on the advantages as well as disadvantages for the same. It depends on the ability to repay debt as well as control over the relinquishing financial operations in an overall manner. Evaluation of appropriate sources of finance for business project It is important to appropriate the financial sources for viewing at the current financial performance on matters relating to current financial position and expected future financial position for the same (Edmonds, McNair and Olds 2013). It is necessary for recommending financing method for various factors. This includes: Cost It is noticed that debt finance consider cheaper in comparison with equity financing. It ensures cost advantage for final debt payment matters in an overall manner. Cash Flows It is necessary to consider company in generation of cash in debt finance matters. Equity providers mainly focus on accepting the cash return for short-term capital growth for dividend enhancements in the most appropriate form. Risk Business Corporation faces large number of risk including finance risk and business risk for the same (Elliott and Elliott 2012). Organization should diversify their risk in riskier areas for operating gearing and reduction of financial risk in an overall manner. From the above analysis, it is easy to make understand with the help of real life scenario for an example. The selected organization for sources of finance project is Wesfarmers. They have strong market position as well as financial position for the same. They have the required amount for investing returns and adequate sources of finance in an overall manner. Understanding the implications of finance as a resource within a business Analyze the costs of different sources of finance It is important to consider the fact that financial cost borrowing relates tangibility in terms of interest paid to the shareholders. It implies for alternative uses for money transactions for tax amount for particular business organization. Finance is the life-blood of business organization. Opportunity cost helps in evaluation with the choices preferred in the spending pattern of individuals (Horngren 2013). Business organization has overheads including rent and utility bills for the same. It is noticed that money paid for the borrowing limits ascertain on timely basis in the most appropriate way. It enhances retained profits for limited amount left in investment pattern in and between the alternative options in an overall manner. Corporation tax adds the depreciable amount for attainment of business profits in the near future (Horngren, Harrison and Oliver 2012). Capital allowances helps in implementation of rules, regulations as well as eligible amount charges for the same. For example- Company saving 1000 Euros for spending money in case of facing difficulty in any form. Options available are: Purchasing new car Going for Holiday Importance of financial planning It is essential to consider the fact that financial planning plays an important role in future growth in an overall manner. Business Corporation should manage with the expenditure and various implications for the same. Late payment of salaries to staff members negatively affects the total workforce of business enterprise. Proper financial planning enables maintenance of cash flow management for critical running of Business Corporation (Kemp and Waybright 2013). Business organization should calculate the cash flow for identification of surplus or shortage of finance in the operational activities. This requires checking at the budget expenditure for smooth functioning of the business organization. Organization should be aware of overtrading activities for completion of work for facing the unforeseen events like delays as well as delivery problems for the same (Libby, Libby and Short 2011). Business organization should plan for addressing the cash flow problem for payment of bills in th e near future. It is important to plan each small things pertaining to business enterprise. This gives clear idea as well as understanding over the business projects. It helps in giving proper plan and course of action in consolidated format. Lacks of effective planning fails to address the problems in one go. Effective planning helps an organization attain future goals in smoother terms. Assessing information needs of different decision makers It is easy to understand the fact that organization consists of variety of decision makers for activities pertaining business. CEO as well as senior management team is responsible for handling the strategic matters directly future activities of particular business organization. Finance and sales departmental managers takes decisions on matters relating to customer credit terms, maximization of profits (McKeith and Collins 2013). Managers believe in preparation of budgets on expenditure incurred by the department for attainment of future goals as well as objectives for the same. On critical analysis, senior managers refer to profit and loss account for viewing at the turnover of particular organization. It mainly includes expenditure and the incomes governing towards the business enterprise for the same (Needles and Powers 2012). Balance sheet predicts the financial position and value of assets as well as liabilities within specified time. As far as management accounting is concerned, it includes budgeted cash flow forecast in the most appropriate form. It mainly ensures planned incomes and expenditures broken into departments. It helps in arriving at actual expenses in comparison with expected variances in an overall manner. Impact of finance on the financial statements It is noticed that financial statements predicts the overall health of the business organization. It mainly serves effective method for communicating financial information on business entity like banks as well as investors for the same (Phillips, Libby and Libby 2013). Results of the financial statements affects the following attributes like: Financial statements affect the share price of a company in rendering reliable financial information in an overall manner. It mainly reflects on the ability of the company for gathering relevant financing options in the near future. It helps the potential investors for processing new share issue as well as dividends for the same. It reflects transparent communication with the help of reported financial statements in case of honesty and integrity of particular business enterprise Financial Decisions based on financial information on British Airways Analyzing the budgets and making appropriate decisions From the financial statements of British Airways, it is easy to ascertain the fact that managers analyses the budget. It mainly compares with the planned income as well as expenditure for the same. Budget of British Airways: Budgeted Figures Actual Figures Units Produced 12000 units 10000 units Direct Materials Cost $ 15000 $12000 Direct Labour Costs $12000 $13000 Fixed overhead costs $5000 $4000 Variable overhead costs $4500 $5600 Total Costs $36500 $34600 From the above table, it is reported that British Airways budget 12000 units but only produced 10000 units in operational activities. It is because of less revenue figures and decreases sale figures for the same. It is revealed that there is decrease in the actual production in comparison with budgeted amount for expected costs in an overall manner. It is easy to calculate the percentage variance that actual production is 20% less than the planed one. Calculation of unit costs and making pricing decisions using relevant information It is noticed that products have certain cost of producing the items in business activities. Managers should decide on understanding the concept of costs for ensuring profit-making in the near future. Classification of costs: Fixed cost remains same irrespective of increase or decrease of production like rent. Variable costs increases or decreases depending entirely on the level of production like electricity. Unit cost = Total Fixed costs+ Total variable costs/ Total units produced Linking unit cost and selling price It is noticed that cost calculation depends entirely on selling price decisions taken by an organization (Shim, Siegel and Shim 2012). Most of the business organization adds the profit for determination of selling price of products as well as services for the same. Selling Price = Direct Cost+ Indirect Cost + Profit Margin/ Number of items sold Techniques in identification of breakeven point Breakeven graph monitors the sales revenue, fixed cost as well as total costs. It mainly estimates the contribution for each unit Assessing viability of projects using investment appraisal techniques Business organization should examine the feasibility risks with usage of sensitivity analysis. Quantitative techniques include: Payback Period This technique is one of the easiest ways for calculation of feasibility for a given project. It mainly estimates the initial investment divided by the total cash flow period in an overall manner (Spiceland, Thomas and Herrmann 2011). It helps in estimating the clarity of the project proposal for returning money on timely basis. This particular technique fails to address the total amount of profitability attained in terms of time value of money. Payback period = Initial Investment/ cash Inflow per period Accounting Rate of Return This particular technique results in ascertaining total profit divided by the initial investment of specified project proposal. It is easy to calculate and mainly addresses the profitability aspects of the business organization. It fails to consider the concept on time value of money and variance allowances for unreliable figures (Weetman 2012). It mainly analyses as well as compares projects in terms of accounting income and cash flows for the same. Accounting Rate of Return = Average Accounting Profit/ Initial Investment Qualitative factors include: It mainly address the business objectives based upon the proposed investment in alignment of business organization It ensures undertaking reliable data for forecasting as well as preparation of quantitative analysis for the same It addresses economy aspects and takes into current consideration for business organization It includes environmental factors for positive as well as negative changes affecting the overall organization for the same It includes ethics and image and alignment with attainment of future goals as well as objectives It mainly focus on the qualitative aspect on internal as well as external shareholders It focuses on the customer needs by undertaking investment decisions for the majority of the shareholders in an overall manner. Evaluating financial performance of business Discussion on financial statements British Airways maintains three financial statements for smooth functioning of the business enterprise. This includes: Balance Sheet Profit and Loss Account Cash Flow Statement Management mainly uses the financial statements for managing the organization and discussing the future strategies on long-term basis (Weygandt, Kieso and Kimmel 2012). External shareholders use the information for taking decisions on possible involvement of operational activities in an overall manner. Balance sheet helps in predicting the financial position of British Airways and presentation of assets as well as liabilities for the same on specified date. Profit and loss statement reveals the financial performance of British Airways. It includes expenditure and incomes pertaining to business organization. Cash Flow statements reveal the information on cash from the operations, investing as well as financing activities for the same. Comparing appropriate formats of financial statements for different types of business In accordance with International Accounting Standards, it is essential to follow the format by business organization. Close distinction in financial statements are as follows: Balance sheet It mainly consists of net assets including: Company Company mainly reveals the financial information to the shareholders and owner of business organization. Partnership It includes two partners in case of private companies and sharing of assets and liabilities in equal portions of business organization (Williams 2012). Capital accounts include investment as well as current account reveals shares, salaries as well as interest for the same. Profit and Loss Account Charity It reveals the unrestricted, restricted as well as endowment for quick funds. Local Authority It is mostly funded by the government. It receives funds mainly from the collection of related local taxes (Albrecht, Stice and Stice 2011). Interpretation of financial statements with appropriate ratios and comparison between internal and external Financial ratios help in calculating the profitability, liquidity as well as solvency position of particular business organization. Liquidity ratio helps in predicting the liquidity position of business enterprise. This includes: Current Ratio = Current assets/ Current liabilities Quick ratio = Current assets- stock prepaid expenses/ current liabilities Profitability ratio measures the profitability position of the business in terms of current performance (Aamer 2012). This includes: Gross profit margin Gross Profit/ Net sales*100 Net Profit = Net Profit/ Net Sales* 100 Efficiency ratios indicate the utilization of financial resources by an organization. Stock turnover ratio = Cost of goods sold/ average stock Asset turnover ratio = Total fixed assets+ total current assets Reference List Aamer, M. (2012).Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012 R3 financial management. Albrecht, W., Stice, E. and Stice, J. (2011).Financial accounting. Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. Balla, D. (2012).CLEP financial accounting. Piscataway, NJ.: Research Education Association. Bonham, M. (2013).International GAAP 2013. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Wiley. Davies, T. and Crawford, I. (2012).Financial accounting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Dyckman, T., Magee, R. and Pfeiffer, G. (2011).Financial accounting. [Westmont, Ill.]: Cambridge Business Publishers. Edmonds, T., McNair, F. and Olds, P. (2013).Fundamental financial accounting concepts. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. (2012).Financial accounting and reporting. Horngren, C. (2013).Financial accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Horngren, C., Harrison, W. and Oliver, M. (2012).Accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kemp, R. and Waybright, J. (2013).Financial accounting. Boston: Pearson. Libby, R., Libby, P. and Short, D. (2011).Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. McKeith, J. and Collins, B. (2013).Financial accounting and reporting. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Needles, B. and Powers, M. (2012).Financial accounting. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Phillips, F., Libby, R. and Libby, P. (2013).Fundamentals of financial accounting. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Scott, W. (2012).Financial accounting theory. Toronto: Pearson Prentice Hall. Shim, J., Siegel, J. and Shim, J. (2012).Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill. Spiceland, J., Thomas, W. and Herrmann, D. (2011).Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Weetman, P. (2012).Financial accounting. Weygandt, J., Kieso, D. and Kimmel, P. (2012).Financial accounting. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Williams, J. (2012).Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Organizational Applications of Business Intelligence Management

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Applications of Business Intelligence Management. Answer: Introduction: MF wants to increase the intelligence density of the market in order to assist them and thereby the investment decisions are undertaken in order to maximize the return on the assets on the investment made for the clients. The business problem that has been identified in this case is presented in two parts which are as follows: The identification of the potential risk is undertaken with the particular investment associated with the particular investment made by the MF and henceforth it can be solved by using the Fuzzy Logic. The second problem depicts the findings regarding the predictions made on the market trends and the optimistic time to buy and sell shares. This problem can be solved by Artificial Neural Network and the Case Base Reasoning. In order to outperform the market, Moira Freeman's investment fund should be looking at tools which can think on more linear cycles. The business intelligence system has been designed for the company should be picking up the complex methodology a market operates. The huge amount of financial data should be picked up from the source from the market. A strategy should be devised to seek help from the past market conditions, then analyzing the present market scenario to successfully predict the future market conditions (Herschel, 2012). This is the first and most complex problem to be solved. Next, the micro and macroeconomic sentiments should be taken into consideration. A market usually reacts on some sentiments. The intelligence system, therefore, should be devised to analyze right from human behavior to short-lived tools to predict the market. The variables which seem non-existent now can disrupt the market tomorrow. So, proper domain knowledge should be implemented for day-to-day analysis and market predictions of stock. The system should be prone to analyzing the pre and post effects of human behavior while and after natural or manmade disasters. It should be updated about wars or other natural disasters because these conditions are important to make or break the market (Herschel, 2013). Last but not the least expert opinion should be taken into consideration. Experts sometimes have not been able to predict the ongoing trend in the market. So a business intelligence system should be working on its analysis of market prediction after analyzing the raw data received from the experts. The business intelligence system should do more accurate and consistent towards the data because the amount of data the system has to calibrate every given day. The system should be able to pick up data from the market source accurately in order to access the market and give a detailed prediction. The scalability of the system is also important because the vast amount of the data the system needs to process every day (Rud, 2009). It has to systematically analyze each and every data to make a market prediction. The business intelligence system devised by MF does not need to provide point predictions, but it should be able to provide decision or examples in front of the expert's calculation every share value. Because the market reacts to different kind of sentiments the market prediction job should be done in tandem by experts and the machine. Also, the system does not have to be real time because then the system will be leaving too many alternatives in front of the experts. MF should let the system evaluate each share against the market because lots of human, economic and natural disasters affect the scenario of the market. Wars or recession affects the market in one way while natural calamities in some other ways (Shan, 2012). So the machine should be designed to formulate according to the day to day socio-political geographic and economic conditions. MF should be using a system which is both accurate and consistent in form and behavior. The market supplies a vast amount of raw data every day. Add to that the huge amount of data in the form of human sentiment and behavior. That is one of the reasons the experts sometimes are not been able to predict the market correctly. The system will give them the research and analysis to choose from. The conceptual framework of the Moira Freemans Business Intelligence System for Financial Market Analysis and Prediction depicts the strategic planning made for the enhancement of the complexity, technological usage and the program management in the business which is used for the appropriate management of the application with programming initiatives (Sonar, 2013). The business creates an appropriate measurement of the business with depicting the inputs and the outputs regarding the people, process, tools, and the technologies. The need of this framework helps in indicating the values that must be depicted with considering the IT architects and the system developers with including the program managers in terms of the inputs and the output processes. It thereby helps Moira Freemans Business Intelligence system to create an interactive framework with depicting the process of appropriate interaction (Wu Zhao, 2014). By the help of this framework, the appropriate market for the Moira Fre emans Business Intelligence System can be gained by MF and thereby the stability can be achieved by MF. The system development team should start with designing a system which can read, analyze and predict the market in a more accurate way. The system should be able to give an alternative to experts on a particular share or security because it becomes difficult for the human mind to evaluate the vast amount of data the world market produces every day. The system should be able to read analyze and evaluate every single data and also human, national or climatic behavior which affects the market every day (Ward, 2010). System designers should be testing the system from day one so that the machine performs its job seamlessly without error. End of the day the system should be designed, the methodology should be applied in a tried and tested principle so that the system performs in predicting the market which can beat the stock exchange. The investment fund is looking for such a system which enables them to get potentially happy and super happy clients every time (Wang Liu, 2006). The design ers should be working in tandem with scientists, mathematicians, and economists in order the create intelligence which can predict or suggest tomorrow's market behavior in a more logical version which produces a more cumulative result. References Herschel, R. (2012).Organizational applications of business intelligence management. Hershey, PA: Business Science Reference. Herschel, R. (2013).Principles and applications of business intelligence research. Hershey, Pa.: IGI Global (701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA). Rud, O. (2009).Business intelligence success factors. Hoboken, NJ: Joh Wiley Sons. Shan, C. (2012).Video analytics for business intelligence. Berlin: Springer. Sonar, R. (2013). Towards Automation of Business Intelligence Services Using Hybrid Intelligent System Approach.International Journal Of Business Intelligence Research,4(4), 61-92. Wang, F. Liu, D. (2006).Advances in Computational Intelligence. 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